The IVA test is a simple way to detect cervical cancer early. Cervical cancer screening with the IVA test is safe and effective in identifying cervical cancer at an early stage, increasing the chances of successful treatment. Compared to a Pap smear, the IVA test is easier to perform and more affordable. Additionally, the test results are available quickly, allowing for prompt medical intervention if needed.
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What is an IVA Test?
The IVA test (Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid) is a cervical cancer screening method that involves applying acetic acid to the cervix. If there are abnormal cells on the cervix, the application of acetic acid causes color changes and lesions in the affected area, which can be observed directly by a doctor.
The results of the IVA test are immediately available, allowing doctors to take necessary medical action to address cervical health concerns.
IVA Test Procedure
The IVA test is a simple procedure that can be performed at primary healthcare facilities such as clinics, health centers, or hospitals. It can be conducted by a gynecologist, general practitioner, midwife, or trained nurse.
The test is conducted in a private examination room equipped with a gynecological examination table. The IVA test procedure includes:
- The healthcare provider will ask you to remove your underwear and lie on the examination table with your knees bent and thighs apart.
- A speculum is inserted to keep the vaginal walls open, making the cervix visible.
- A cotton swab soaked in 3-5% acetic acid solution is applied to the cervix.
- The results are observed within one minute by checking for any color changes in the cervix.
- A negative IVA test result means no visible changes on the cervix, indicating a healthy condition.
- A positive IVA test result is indicated by the presence of white patches, suggesting the presence of precancerous cells. The test may also detect cervicitis or benign abnormalities such as polyps.
If the IVA test result is positive, the doctor may provide an immediate diagnosis and treatment, or perform a biopsy if necessary. If the test is not conducted by a gynecologist, the patient may be referred for further examination.
Generally, the IVA test is not painful, but some discomfort may occur due to the insertion of the speculum.
IVA Test Requirements
For accurate IVA test results, the following conditions must be met:
- Not menstruating
- Not pregnant
- Has had sexual intercourse before
- No sexual activity 24 hours before the test
Read Also: Cervical Polyps: Causes and Importance of Early Detection
IVA Test Accuracy
Various studies indicate that the IVA test has a good accuracy rate for early cervical cancer detection. Its sensitivity (ability to correctly identify positive cases) ranges from 62.5% to 96%.
Compared to the Pap smear, which has a sensitivity rate of 10% to 75%, the IVA test is considered quite accurate and effective in detecting positive cases.
The specificity (ability to correctly identify negative cases) of the IVA test ranges from 32.5% to 98.8%, whereas the Pap smear has a specificity of 42% to 100%.
Cervical cancer screening is recommended at least once for women aged 35-40 years. If possible, an IVA test should be performed every five years for women aged 35-55 years, or ideally every three years for women aged 25-60 years.
The IVA test is a simple, affordable, and efficient method for preventing and detecting cervical cancer early, in addition to HPV vaccination. If the IVA test result is negative, repeat the test every five years to monitor cervical health. However, if a past IVA test was positive, retesting should be done annually.
When to See a Doctor
Some warning signs of cervical cancer include foul-smelling vaginal discharge and abnormal vaginal bleeding outside the menstrual cycle. If you experience these symptoms and have a family history of cervical cancer, consult a doctor immediately.
You can visit the Cancer Center at Royal Mandaya Hospital, which provides comprehensive cancer screening, treatment, and advanced cancer care technology.
Consult an expert today to receive the best treatment for your condition. Use the Chat via WhatsApp, Book Appointment, or download the Care Dokter app on Google Play and App Store for easy visits, queue number tracking, and complete healthcare information.
