Sciatica is nerve pain that occurs due to injury or irritation of the sciatic nerve. This condition may also be accompanied by tingling or numbness in the back or buttocks, which can radiate down to the legs.
The sciatic nerve is the longest and thickest nerve in the body, measuring up to 2 cm in width. It is not a single nerve, but a bundle of nerves originating from five nerve roots branching off the spinal cord.
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Causes of Sciatica
Sciatica can be caused by any condition that affects the sciatic nerve or any of the five spinal nerves that make up the sciatic nerve.
Common causes of sciatica include:
- Herniated disc
- Degenerative disc disease
- Spinal stenosis
- Foraminal stenosis
- Spondylolisthesis
- Osteoarthritis
- Injury
- Pregnancy
- Tumors, cysts, or other growths
- Conus medullaris syndrome
- Cauda equina syndrome
Several factors can also increase the risk of developing sciatica:
- Injury to the spine or lower back
- Overweight or obesity
- Weak core muscles (back and abdominal muscles)
- Lifting heavy objects, frequent bending, working in awkward positions, or prolonged sitting
- Poor posture while lifting
- Diabetes
- Lack of physical activity
- Smoking habit
Symptoms of Sciatica
Sciatica symptoms usually affect the buttocks and the back of one leg, often extending to the sole of the foot and toes.
Symptoms may include:
- Sharp pain with a burning sensation down the leg
- Tingling or pins and needles sensation
- Numbness
- Weakness
These symptoms may appear suddenly or start gradually. Pain may worsen with movement, sneezing, or coughing.
Diagnosing Sciatica
People with severe pain or pain that doesn’t improve within a few weeks may need the following tests:
- X-ray: A spinal X-ray can show mechanical changes that affect the size of the openings where nerve roots exit the spine.
- MRI: This procedure uses a strong magnet and radio waves to produce cross-sectional images of the back. MRI provides detailed images of soft tissues, so herniated discs and pinched nerves are clearly visible.
- CT scan: A CT scan may involve injecting contrast dye into the spinal canal (a CT myelogram). The dye outlines the spinal cord and nerves, making them easier to see in the images.
- Electromyography (EMG): This test measures electrical impulses produced by nerves and the response of muscles. It helps determine the severity of nerve root damage.
Treatment for Sciatica
If sciatica does not improve with home treatment, a doctor may recommend one or more of the following:
1. Medications
Types of medications used to treat sciatic pain include:
- Anti-inflammatory drugs
- Corticosteroids
- Antidepressants
- Anticonvulsants
- Opioids
2. Physical Therapy
Once the pain improves, a doctor may design a program to help prevent future injuries. This usually includes exercises to improve posture, strengthen core muscles, and increase flexibility.
3. Steroid Injections
In some cases, corticosteroid injections near the nerve root can help relieve pain. Often, just one injection is enough. Up to three injections may be given in a year.
4. Surgery
A doctor may remove a bone spur or part of a herniated disc that is pressing on the nerve. Surgery is typically only performed if sciatica causes severe weakness, loss of bowel or bladder control, or persistent pain that doesn’t improve with other treatments.
When to See a Doctor
Mild sciatica usually resolves over time. Contact a doctor if home treatment does not relieve the symptoms, if the pain is severe or worsening, or if the pain lasts longer than a week.
Seek medical attention immediately if you experience:
- Sudden numbness and weakness in the leg
- Pain following a major injury, such as a car accident
- Difficulty controlling bowel or bladder functions
Recommended Doctors for Treating Sciatica
Mandaya Royal Hospital Puri has several experienced doctors who specialize in treating sciatica:
1. dr. Mohammad Fachry Lubis, Sp.OT-(K)
dr. Mohammad Fachry Lubis, Sp.OT-(K) is a spine orthopedic specialist experienced in treating various spinal conditions. In addition to sciatica, he also handles pinched nerves and scoliosis.
Available at Mandaya Royal Hospital Puri:
- Tuesday: 17:00 – 20:00 WIB
- Thursday: 11:00 – 15:00 WIB
- Saturday: 14:00 – 16:00 WIB
2. dr. Christian Ariono, Sp.BS, FINSS, FICS, FINPS
dr. Christian Ariono, Sp.BS, FINSS, FICS, FINPS is a neurosurgeon who treats not only sciatica but also conditions such as pinched nerves, nerve tumors, brain vessel blockages, and meningitis.
Available at Mandaya Royal Hospital Puri:
- Monday: 08:00 – 16:00 WIB
- Tuesday: 08:00 – 12:00 WIB
- Wednesday: 08:00 – 16:00 WIB
- Thursday: 08:00 – 16:00 WIB
- Friday: 08:00 – 16:00 WIB
- Saturday: 08:00 – 16:00 WIB
3. dr. Christian Permana, Sp.BS, FTB, FINSS, FICS
dr. Christian Permana, Sp.BS, FTB, FINSS, FICS is a neurosurgeon who can treat sciatica and other conditions like pinched nerves. He is known for his expertise in performing minimally invasive procedures.
Available at Mandaya Royal Hospital Puri:
- Tuesday: 13:00 – 17:00 WIB
- Thursday: 13:00 – 17:00 WIB
- Friday: 13:00 – 17:00 WIB
- Saturday: 13:00 – 17:00 WIB
If you wish to consult any of the doctors above, feel free to visit Mandaya Royal Hospital Puri.
To make your visit easier, use the Chat via WhatsApp, Book Appointment, or the Care Dokter app, available on Google Play and the App Store, to check queue numbers, book appointments, and access other useful information.
