Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is a minimally invasive procedure performed to alleviate lower urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate in men.
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Purpose of Prostatic Artery Embolization
PAE is intended for men experiencing benign prostate enlargement. Although this condition is not life-threatening, it can negatively impact daily life. Men with BPH may experience issues such as:
- Sexual dysfunction
- Slow urine flow
- Urinary incontinence, ranging from minor leakage to complete loss of bladder control
- Painful urination
- Increased frequency, urgency, and discomfort when urinating
Prostatic Artery Embolization Procedure
PAE is performed by an interventional radiologist, a specialist who uses X-rays and other imaging techniques to visualize internal structures and treat medical conditions without surgery.
The key steps of the PAE procedure include:
- A Foley catheter (a thin, hollow tube with a balloon at the end) is inserted into the urethra and positioned in the bladder to serve as a reference point for surrounding anatomy.
- A small catheter is inserted into an artery in the wrist or groin by the interventional radiologist. The catheter is then guided into the blood vessels supplying the prostate.
- An arteriogram (X-ray imaging with contrast dye) is used to map the blood vessels supplying the prostate.
- Tiny spherical microspheres (particles) are injected through the catheter into the prostate’s blood vessels to reduce its blood supply.
- The interventional radiologist repeats these steps on the other side of the prostate to ensure complete treatment.
- Within a few days after the procedure, the prostate begins to shrink, alleviating symptoms.
Advantages of Prostatic Artery Embolization
PAE offers several benefits for treating benign prostate enlargement:
- A quick, outpatient procedure lasting about two hours
- Patients can return home on the same day
- Recovery time is typically only a few days at home before resuming normal work and activities
- General anesthesia is not required since the procedure causes minimal discomfort. Most patients only need a small bandage after the procedure.
- No negative impact on erectile function for most patients
Side Effects of Prostatic Artery Embolization
PAE has fewer side effects compared to other BPH treatments, such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), which is associated with incontinence, retrograde ejaculation, and erectile dysfunction.
When performed by an experienced doctor, PAE has a very low complication rate and is considered safe and effective. According to the World Journal of Urology, potential side effects of PAE include:
- Temporary blood in urine (hematuria)
- Rectal bleeding
- Acute urinary retention
If you are interested in undergoing PAE to treat benign prostate enlargement, visit Mandaya Royal Hospital Puri. In addition to PAE, our hospital offers advanced medical technologies for BPH treatment, including Rezum therapy.
For those looking to check their prostate health, we also provide comprehensive prostate screening packages at affordable prices.
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